Expansive fluid turbine



P 1934. A. V. SANTARSIERO 1,973,509

EXPANS IVE FLUID TURBINE Filed Jan. 8, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 z I T J z7. L. 47/ 1" Kim" v A. If Saniar sjara Sept. 11, 1934.

A v. SANTARSIERO EXPANSIVE FLUID TURBINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 8; 1932 A. I]. fianlars' s ra for generating power.

Patented Sept. 11, 1934 15973509 I v EXPANSiVil FLUI'D' Timing" Antonio V. Santarsiero, Bronx; Application January 1932; SerialNo'. 585m 1 Claim.

H torque of the rotor may be obtained.

of reference represent identical parts: 20

Figure 1 is a vertical section through a turbine embracing the principles of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a transverse section taken along the line 2-2 of Figure 1;

3 equipped with apparatus of the present invention.

Referring now in detail to the several figures,

the numeral 1 represents a casing having a substantially cylindrical transverse bore 2 forming a chamber for the rotor 3, the latter being carried in suitable bearings 4 at the opposite sides of the casing. The bore 2 opens by way of a transverse slot 5 into an inlet chamber 6.

In that form in which the invention is herein exemplified, a propeller 7 is mounted in the mouth of the chamber 6, said propeller being driven by an electric motor 8. It is to be understood that the motor and propeller are simply illustrative of any means for inducing a forced draft into the mouth of the chamber and that under certain conditions such as those prevailing in connection with Figure 5 the natural draft itself being sufiiciently strong to usefully operate the motor without the assistance of any positive blowing means.

In order to obtain as much pressure from the propeller '7 as possible, its blades are arranged with a very slight pitch so that its thrust is directly into the mouth of the chamber, instead of being largely expended in mere turbulence as would be the case with a steep pitch such for instance as It being of course elemental that the thrust of the peripheral portions of the propeller ismuclr greater than that of the central portion, means are provided for directing the, air from the oppo site peripheral portions of the propeller directly into the chamber 6 and into the pockets 9 of the rotor.

The inner upper wall 10 of the chamber 6 has a curvedcontour, inclining tangentially so as to assume a relationof approximate tangency to the cylinder of rotation ofthe turbine. A baffle 11 is arranged transversely within the chamber 6 having a stream-line upper surface 12 which cooperates with the curved surface of the wall 10 to direct the air current from the upper peripheral portion of the propeller against the pockets of the turbine rotor in the region 13. The lower face 14 of the bafiie is in the path of that portion of the air current which comes from the central portion of the propeller. It deflects this portion of the air current downwardly.v The fioor of the chamber 6 is constituted by a member 15 having a stream-line upper surface for deflecting the air coming from the lower peripheral portion of the propeller. The current deflected by the inclined face 14 of the baffle strikes the current deflected by the member 15 and turns it downwardly so as to bring it into tangential relation to the pockets of the turbine in the region 16.

Referring now to the detailed construction of the turbine rotor, Figure 2 shows that it comprises a series of cylindrical sections 17 arranged against one another on a shaft 18 and mounted with sufficient looseness so that they can be angularly displaced. A fixed collar 19 may abut the end section on one side and a threaded sleeve or nut 20 on the other side by means of which when any desired angular adjustment of the sections has been made, they may be fixed frictionally in these positions of adjustment by screwing upon the nut 20.

The end sections of the rotor are provided with end faces or disks 22 having the peripheral portions extending into annular channels 23 formed in the casing l. The inter-engaging relation of the casing in the end disks prevents escape of air from the rotor and thus promotes highest efliciency.

The pockets 9 of the several sections are defined between partitions 24 which are arranged substantially tangentially to a small circle intermediate the shaft and the periphery of the rotor or at any other desired angle. The adjustable feature of the several sections brings the partitions into a more or less staggered relation and by experiment it may be determined at just What relation of angular displacement of the several sections, the rotor gives the maximum power output.

A suitable fly-wheel 25 is driven by the rotor shaft 18, preferably indirectly as shown, so as to minimize the load on the turbine, particularly at starting. Since the speed of the turbine is not regulated, there is no reason why it may not rotate with greater velocity than the propeller through which it is driven and a very high power be developed.

In that adaptation of the invention shown in Figure 5, an airplane 26 is shown having a turbine 2'7 embracing the features of the present invention mounted on the fuselage behindthe main propeller. 'The turbine is geared to the shafts of the auxiliary propellers 28 and 29 positioned in front of the wings and sidewise relative to the main propeller. Normally, the main propeller shares its power, through the turbine, with the auxiliary propellers. Should the engine of the airplane stall and the craft assume a crashing angle as shown, the velocity of fall will create an air current sufiiciently powerful to drive the auxiliary propellers. With their blades set at a lifting angle, these propellers will have the same ef-' feet as the rotor of an autogiro.

Although an electric motor is illustratedin the drawings as the driving instrumentality for the blower, it is to be understood that a steam or internal combustion engine or other source of power may be employed for creating the forced draft,

and that the invention is to be considered as of general application in connection with the power plants of locomotives, steam ships or commercial establishments wherever the generation of power by an expansive-fluid turbine may be found desirable.

While I have in the above description disclosed what I believe to be a preferred and practical form of the invention, it is to be understood that the details of construction and the arrangement of parts may be varied to suit the exigencies of use without transcending the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

What I claim is:

Expansive fluid impact turbine comprising a casing formed with an inlet chamber having the cross sectional area at the inlet and outlet ends proportioned to permit the passage of an expansive fluid without back pressure, and a rotor in said casing comprising a series of relatively orientable units axially arranged and adapted to be angularly displaced, having vanes defining open-ended pockets arranged in receiving relation to said inlet chamber, the vanes of one unit being staggered with relation to the vanes of an adjacent unit, means for fixing the several units in different angular positions of adjustment, said vanes permitting lateral. flow from a pocket last to receive fluid from said inlet chamber into a pocket which has previously re ceived such fluid.

ANTONIO V. SANTARSIERO.

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